Metalworking Fluid Maintenance Technical Papers and Documentation

The following is our library of technical papers addressing the maintenance of metalworking fluids. These are publicly available papers, available from the source listed or Zebra directly, both on the web or as hard copies by request. If you know of something that should be here, let us know. We'll track it down for you, and include it in the future.

OSHA (http:www.osha-slc.gov)	Description
- Metalworking Fluids Basic Safety Manual	An informal advisory manual, to assist employers in providing a safe and healthful workplace for workers exposed to metalworking fluids

MWF Related Books	Author (s)	Publisher
Lubricants and Lubrication in Metalworking Operations	- Elliot S. Nachtman, Tower Oil & Technology Co., Chicago, Illinois - Serope Kalpakjian, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois	Marel Dekker, Inc. New York • Basel
Machinability of engineering materials	B. Mills and A.H. Redford	Elsevier Science Pub. Co. 1983
Metal Cutting Principles	Milton C. Shaw, Professor of Engineering Arizona State University	Clarendon Press • Oxford 1984
Metalworking Fluids	Jerry P. Byers, Cincinnati Milacron Cincinnati, Ohio	Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York • Basel • Hong Kong

Minnesota Technical Assistance Program (http://mntap.umn.edu)	Description
- Coolant Maintenance for Machining Operations (pdf)	Machining coolants are an important component of metalworking operations. Coolants improve machinability, increase productivity and extend tool life by cooling and lubricating the work piece and cutting tool. Developing and implementing a coolant maintenance program can help minimize contamination, prolong coolant life and reduce cost.
- Coolant Maintenance Equipment and Supplies (pdf)	Appropriate coolant maintenance programs help keep operations efficient and productive.

Techsolve (http://www.techsolve.org)	Description
- Greenfluids Manual (pdf)	Covers areas of improvement in the use of metalworking fluids in the shop with respect to preventing pollution
- Coolant Waste Guide	Ways to reduce waste of metalworking fluids in the shop
- Shop Wastewater Reduction	Covers many areas where machine shops can reduce waste, process and product

Zebra Skimmers Corp. (http://www.zebraskimmers.com)	Description
- Biocide Position Paper	Explains why we don't sell biocides
- Coolant Maintenance Basics	Chemical and biological detail behind the four basic steps to good coolant maintenance
- Skimmers for Washers	Hot wash water applications (parts washers) are some of the most difficult situations to remove oil. We summarize the two best choices for washer applications here, disks and steel belts

Current Research	Description
Chen, Schauder, Potier, Van Dorsselaer, Pelczer, Bassler, and Hughson	Autoinducers can coordinate gene expression in bacterial colonies, enhancing many collective features including biofilm development. However, the chemical nature of autoinducers remains elusive.
Mellissa B. Miller and Bonnie L. Bassler	The process of bacterial communication is far more complex than expected. It may be that these processes were the precursors to multicellular cooperation in higher organisms.

Technical Definitions
Source: Ullman's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry Author: Dieter Klamann, Hamburg, Germany Section: Lubricants and Related Products, pg 424
	Friction is defined as the force resisting the relative motion of two contacting bodies.
	Lubricant applies to products based on mineral or synthetic oils. World consumption of lubricants and related products amounts to 0.8% of the total petroleum consumed; it is higher in very industrialized countries. Caution: This category contains many more products than metalworking fluids.
	Tribology is the science of friction and lubrication. It deals with problems of wear, materials and design.
	Viscosity is the property of a fluid that enables it to develop and maintain an amount of shearing stress dependent upon the velocity of flow and then to offer continued resistance to flow. It is measured by the ratio of the tangential frictional force per unit area to the rezocity gradient perpendicular to the direction of flow.
See Ullman's for more details and other definitions.

All documents marked with (pdf) require Acrobat.

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